Optimization of terminal productivity the cargo owners are indifferent. The next revolution in container handling is the application of automation to operating the container terminal. This book is a comparative study of the critical factors in berth productivity in chinese and south korean container terminals. It first defines the concept of berth productivity, and then establishes a regression model to evaluate the productivity factor. Teu per acre measures land productivity, but land may be the least costly terminal asset ondock rail intermodal facilities add to acreage and distort comparisons terminal expansion adds capacity but reduces teu per acre some terminals have moved chassis and empty container storage to offdock sites, effectively increasing acreage. Highly experienced, fullservice terminal operator and stevedore for container and general cargo operations. Container terminal productivity, feb12006 contact email. To receive the latest updates by email or sms subscribe to terminal alerts.
The meaning of productivity is the ratio of output against input made with expectations. Average ship turnaround time in sa terminals 200910 201415 20. Port terminal evolution le havre antwerp rotterdam hinterland. As a result, timevarying technicalinefficiency is calculated as part of the. Concordia university, 2015 the growth of global trade transiting over the ocean has been continually increasing. Because physical or institutional factors, or a combination of the two, act to limit the productivity of every container terminal, quantitative productivity comparisons among terminals or ports. To the owners of vessels, terminal productivity implies the rate at which containers can be discharged and loaded. Such measurement has been focused on productivity indicators. Efficiency analysis of container ports and terminals. Two datasets are used, a panel dataset for 32 container ports in the north mediterranean sea over a nineyear period, and a. Under this background, finding the critical factors. Critical factors for container terminal productivity.
Pdf measuring and increasing the productivity model on maritime. Improving port productivity benefits all stakeholders in the container. Pdf performance measurements of container terminal. Pdf critical factors for container terminal productivity. Benchmarking container port technical efficiency in latin. Port relation port authority with container toc dakar terminal productivity measured by the operator but not structurally shared.
The inclusion of data from the demand growth period, and the subsequent reduction of demand and recovery, allows evaluating the impact and repercussion of the. One move equals a transship of containers between vessel and transport vehicle. Marad, in cooperation with the national research council, has responded by developing a number of quantitative measurements for container terminal productivity. The downturn after 2006 placed participants in the container shipping industry under pressure to define, defend, and improve their productivity. Ad hoc expert meeting on assessing port performance room xxvi palais des nations geneva, switzerland 12 december 2012 assessing port performance port performance indicators by mr. Impressive set of data on trends in container handling productivity in australia as well as the cost of importing and exporting containers. Pdf the awareness of the highvalue industry for container terminal leads competitiveness of container terminals to keep high fiercely.
Yossi bassan chairman of the committee on port operations and logistics international association of ports and harbors iaph. Oaklands port efficiency task force has identified selected performance metrics of interest to customers and stakeholders. The terminal operators are interested in keeping the terminal fluid and all assigned machinery working, thus looking for a productivity optimization between the yard and the berth. The objective of this paper is to find the critical factors of container terminal productivity, which is dependant upon the capability, quantity of quay crane, transfer vehicle, and so on. Marine terminal operators must do a better job of delivering the vessel productivity required by ocean carriers and those whose cargo is aboard their ships.
Net quay crane lift counts experience only marginal productivity increases. To learn more about the latest corona virus measures taken by our terminal please read our latest customer advisories. The increasing competitiveness of the marine transportation industry has brought about demands that container terminal productivity be improved. Regional container ports and global container terminals are examined based on the econometrics benchmarking method stochastic frontier analysis sfa. Productivity at marineland container terminals joan alkazily productivity at marine terminals can be viewed from several different points of view. Container terminal productivity deals with the efficient use of labour, equipment and land. Seagirt near dock terminal operated by csx is contiguous to the marine terminal, norfolk southern baltimore terminal is 34 miles from the port.
Terminal efficiency relevant for a countrys competitiveness and. A productivity indictor would have to measure a certain output in relation to a certain input. During the year the terminal serviced more than 1,100 ships, around 1. Today the terminals are under pressure to perform better than ever. Terminal productivity and its impact on supply chain. There are three main factors determining container terminal productivity, i. Comparing ongoing to previous operations at upgraded container terminals has validated this point. Ict systems and services for port operation and management. The 10 leading ports, mainly in asia, accounted for about one third of the market. Quay crane productivity is a key indicator and one of the critical parts of overall terminal productivity at the same time. The ministry has done an initial analysis of data provided by ports, and compared the results with. In this paper we discuss the problems and prospects of using such. For container terminals, the productivity, affected by many factors, is an important target in measuring container terminal performance.
Marine terminal gate processing the national academies press. The evolution of container terminal productivity and. After the economic recession in which brazil was immersed during the years 2015 and 2016, signs of recovery are perceived through port activity. To meet growing demand, ports need to enhance capacity. Maritime administration, appraises issues pertinent to the productivity of these marine terminals, addressing such topics as the state of the art of technology and engineering design in general cargo terminals.
Measuring and increasing the productivity model on maritime container terminals the following article presents the possibilities of optimization on a maritime container terminal, in order to increase the system productivity and optimize the terminal capacity. Container terminal management application in port of thessaloniki. Automated container handling in port terminals overview. Therefore efficiency of these resources is important for container terminal operation. Read about why it is important for ports to increase productivity. They rate the importance of berth vessel crane productivity very low.
In the most general sense productivity measures output per unit of input. Key findings on terminal productivity performance across ports, countries and regions 3 this joc port productivity whitepaper comes with a message that rings loud and clear. That survey found that 68% of the respondents considered drayage turn time to be very important in evaluating container terminal productivity, 74% considered reliability % on schedule to be very important in evaluating container terminal productivity, and 63% would consider splitting import or export volume between ocean carriers at the same. Berth productivity moves per ship working hour trends 2012, 20 and 2014 18 figure 10. An indicator could either focus on a broad picture per port, be specific for a specific type of terminal e. In the world, all ports are unique, and the task of measuring and analyzing performance is not simple and is made more difficult by the failure to establish industry standards on what to measure, how to measure it and how to express the measure in an. Key findings on terminal productivity performance across.
We look at the measures that ports could take to reach this end. Dundalk and seagirt terminals are connected by an internal connector bridge. As in most container terminal operations, the efficiency of the backland operations acts as the throttle that controls the velocity of the entire system. Benchmarking container port technical efficiency in latin america and the caribbean. Moin container terminal increases productivity and. Why is it important for ports to increase productivity. Measures of marine container terminal productivity. Container port volumes at top container terminals container port volume growth.
In this generic definition, there are two different approaches would be possible in the container terminal operation productivity. Chairman of the committee on port operations and logistics. High productivity must be kept at the waterside to be competitive but it is in the hinterland where strategies and solutions for capacity, productivity and services are focused. For port and terminal operators, a reduction of one hour per port call would create an additional 160,000 port hours of capacity, which would allow a further 7,240 port calls to be accommodated without any new capital expenditure. Performance appraisal is a requirement for the development of any economic activity and the literature offers different definitions of performance marlow and casaca, 2003. Specifically this paper provides a perspective on maritime conta. Performance measurements of container terminal operations.
Ocean carriers container moves per crane or vessel or berth hour terminal operators container throughput per acre stevedores container moves per crane hour. Definition of terminal productivity terminal productivity definitions by different pertinent stake holders in the marine terminal. Ship performance calculated by pad using vts data for calls abidjan container terminal productivity reports are available in excel format monthly based on obligation, productivity norms are established. The objective of this research is to analyze the efficiency and productivity of 20 container terminals in brazilian ports for the 2008 to 2017 period. Berkovnik 2008 on his reseach build a model of terminal productivity with defining influencing factors and operation elemen. Container moves per ship working hour, sa container terminals 16 figure 9. The productivity of a qc is measured by the number of moves per hour. Read chapter measures of marine container terminal productivity. The management of a maritime container terminal must develop. Port performance metrics bureau of transportation statistics. The evolution of container terminal productivity and ef. Productivity gains can be achieved through different mechanisms.
The target population of the study was approximately 500 people which included kenya port authority, conventional cargo operations, and container terminal operations. In container terminals in korea, the productivity shows big difference even though its condition is similar to each terminal. Critical factors for berth productivity in container terminal. Efficiency and productivity of container terminals in. The specific focus is berth productivity achieved at ports and terminals worldwide a measurement of the speed at which container ships are unloaded, loaded. Shipping containers revolutionized the movement of goods, driving change and efficiency throughout the global supply chain.
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